For Monday 11 / 7 / 2005

Physical Science:
Quiz on Section 3.1 on Tuesday.

Be sure to understand solids, liquids and gases in terms of definite or variable shape and volume.

What is plasma? What is a Bose-Einstein Condensate?

Understand the Kinetic Energy (energy an object has due to its motion).

The faster an object moves, the greater the kinetic energy.

Kinetic Theory of Matter:

all particles of matter are in constant motion (yes, even the particles of
a solid!).

Also, understand that just as there is constant motion within all particles of matter, there also are forces of attraction among particles of matter.

Be sure to name the three main points of the kinetic theory as applied to gases:

1. particles in a gas are in constant, random motion
2. the motion of one particle is unaffected by the motion of the other particle unless the particles collide
3. forces of attraction among particles in a gas can be ignored under ordinary condition (they are too weak in comparison to the kinetic energy of a gas)

Mean Free Path is the distance a particle of gas travels between collisions.

Biology:
Quiz on Section 3.1 on Tuesday.

Know the levels of organization:

1. Individual ( the species )
2. Poplulation
3. Community
4. Ecosystem
5. Biome
6. Biosphere

Be sure to understand the relationship between interactions and interdependence.

How is observation important?

Why is experimenting used?

Understand the differences between observing and experimenting.

How is modeling helpful to scientists?

Chemistry:
Homework for Monday is finish reading section 3.1 and answer "Practice Problems" #3-8 within that section.

Review of materials covered so far: (taken from this site)

Scientific notation:

A system of representing large numbers, ... in order to
express [them] in manageable terms. 1123,000,000 is represented in
scientific
notation as 1.123X109.

Problem 1: Please express the following in scientific notation:

1. 209.4
2. .00220
3. .087686

Solution.

Significant Figures:

Digits in a recorded value that are reliable and believable.

Problem 2: How many significant figures are there in the following numbers:

• a. 209.4
• B. 1.74x10-23
• c. 0.00220
• d. 0.087686

Solution.

Problem 3: Please perform the necessary math and give the number with the correct number of significant figures. Use scientific notation where appropriate.

• A. 4.632 x 2.5
• B. 12.443 +1.94672
• C. 0.0000042 x 24365
• D. 5.4 x 104 x 2.3 x 102
• E. (41 x 3890)/36

Solution.

Accuracy:

The extent to which an experimental result agrees with a known or correct
value.

Precision:

The extent to which an experiment is reproducible.

An example:

A chemist is asked to determine the concentration of a chemical dissolved in
a solution. The chemist performs the experiment three times for good measure,
and the concentration determined to be 1.74 M, (moles/liter), 1.73 M and 1.75 M.
The average of these numbers is 1.74 M. This result is extremely precise, but
suppose the chemist is not a very good chemist and made the same mistake in all
three experiments: the true concentration of the chemical in solution is 2.32 M.
Even though this experiment was done three times, and the concentration was
determined very precisely, it is not an accurate result.
Now let's say that
another chemist performs three more experiments to determine the concentration
of the same chemical in solution, and finds the following values: 2.87, 1.48 and
2.61 M. When averaged, these values accurately give 2.32 M, but the experiments
were not precise. In fact, it may have been lucky that they averaged out
perfectly.

Here is a useful website with tons of information.

Anatomy & Physiology:
Quiz on Anatomy of the Cell on Tuesday. For this quiz, you will be asked to name all the components within the figure "Anatomy of the Cell" and also to give their defenitions.

Anatomy of the Cell:

Below are the Figures from the text book which we will focus on later on this week.
The Cell's Plasma Membrane:


The Structure of the Cell: